A 'default' generally refers to a defendant's failure to respond or appear within the required time, while a 'default judgment' is the court's formal ruling that follows. Courts typically require the plaintiff to request an entry of default first, then separately move for the judgment itself.

This process is not automatic in most courts. It usually involves paperwork, notice requirements, and sometimes a hearing before the judgment becomes final.

Before a court will enter a default judgment, the plaintiff generally must show that the defendant was properly served with the lawsuit under the applicable rules. Service that doesn't meet these requirements can undermine the entire basis for a default.

If a defendant later argues they were never properly served, this can become grounds to challenge or reverse a default judgment, since due process generally requires adequate notice before a judgment can be entered against someone.

Even when a defendant defaults, the plaintiff often still needs to present evidence supporting the amount of damages, particularly when the damages are not a fixed or easily calculated sum. Courts may hold a separate hearing just to determine the appropriate damages figure.

For claims involving a specific, easily calculated amount, courts may enter judgment more quickly, but for claims involving pain and suffering or other less concrete damages, additional proof is typically expected.

A defendant who was defaulted can generally file a motion asking the court to set aside the default judgment, often citing grounds like excusable neglect, lack of proper service, or a meritorious defense they were never given the chance to raise.

Courts apply different standards and time limits for this kind of motion depending on the jurisdiction, and the outcome often depends on how quickly the defendant acts and how compelling their explanation is for the initial failure to respond.